For each shipment of goods to be transported by a ship, coverage should be closed. If not, the carrier will not transport the goods.
In general, the insurance of the goods took place during shipment from one port to the port of destination, and usually take place on the basis of “at and from” which can be expanded into “from warehouse to warehouse”, ie warehouse in the port area or outside the port area, or as desired by the insured.
Among the many risks that could cause loss / damage to insurable interest, there are risks that are excluded from coverage closure. Means not covered by the policy, whether asserted/explain in the policy and terms of closure or not.
Risks that the excluded are as follows.
(1) Any loss / damage is not caused directly (proximately Caused) by the risk borne by policyholders.
(2) Each object will be damaged due to usage (wear & tear), both physical damage and quality. Damage like this is bound to happen. Because it is definitely happening, then the risk of wear & tear are not covered by the policy, because the main purpose of the coverage is to bear the loss / damage that may occur, but not necessarily happen or not certain to happen.
Price of coverage (insured value) of cargo transported by sea can be determined by the price of goods at the place of shipment and on time shipment.
Price of coverage can also be determined by the price of cargo plus the cost of loading into the ship and insurance premiums. Onwards, the price of the insured may also be increased by adding freight costs, taxes / duties, and other costs that must be paid for the goods arrive safely at the port of destination, as long as stated on the policy. Furthermore, the expected profit may also be added to the price of the insured.
Loss / damage to the other smaller than the total losses (total loss), the loss / damage that does not include actual total loss, constructive total loss, the total loss alleged (Presumed total loss), and also does not include common sea losses (general average), then the loss / damage is thus a partial loss. Partial loss (partial loss of marine losses also called special (particular average).
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If the ship sinks and can no longer be saved or vessel damage such that it can no longer be used as a means of transportation, means the owner of the ship to lose possession and use of the vessel is permanently and forever, then the losses in such an actual total loss.
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The danger of war (war Perils) resulted in the emergence of risk (war risks). War risks arise at the time war was raging, or when there is a threat of war, or in peacetime, the vessel is considered to face the danger of war if the ships sailing in the area of ocean that many placed sea mines (mine infested waters).
On page 898 the book written by the International Maritime Dictionary Rene de Kerchove there is an explanation of risk of war (war risks) as follows.
1) When the ship collided with another ship borne or collide with a moving object or even a permanent structure(harbor), then the insurer would indemnify the insured for a number of (money) that has been paid to other parties due to the insured by law:
a) be responsible for loss or damage to other vessels or objects moving or not moving object or property thereon;
b) delay the use or loss of use of another vessel or object or property thereon;
c) partial loss or rescue, or salvage under contract of another vessel or object or property thereon.
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Due to limitation of human capabilities, then in charge of sea transport there is a danger that comes from the sea or events that cause harm (loss, damage) of the vessel and goods transported by ship. The danger caused by sea and which occur at sea referred to maritime perils that can be separated into perils of the sea and perils on the sea.
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Terms termination of this guarantee is overcome any written terms or typed or printed in this insurance contract, if it conflicts with the terms of termination of this guarantee. Unless the insurer agrees in writing termination of deviation from the terms of this warranty, the warranty expire automatically when:
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In the coverage of sea transport, losses are separated into a total loss and partial loss. The loss is caused by various disasters experienced by the ship and it’s cargo.
(1) The ship sank to disappear altogether, or may still be saved. If the ship sank, it’s cargo may sink but may also participate wholly or partially still be able to rescued.
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Provides various information related to marine transportation insurance in accordance with applicable legislation.
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